Neuroleptic Druperidol is used in the treatment of shock conditions, and also as an antipsychotic drug. Today we will talk about the pharmacological group, features and indications for the use of Droperidol, find out whether it is dispensed without a prescription, and also consider other important nuances associated with the drug.
Features of the drug
Spheres of use of droperidol - anesthesiology and psychotherapy. It is used in the treatment of shock conditions and as an antipsychotic drug.
Water is not a solvent for this powder, as is alcohol, the degree of dissolution in which is very small.
Composition
The main active ingredient of Droperidol is a crystalline powder of the same name with a drug, the degree of dissociation of which in water is 0%. Powder is not an ethereal derivative, so it does not smell.
Substance under the medical name Droperidol is a chemical derivative of a number of butyrophenones with replacement of four hydroxo groups and fluorine in the molecule with benzimidazolinone.
Dosage forms:
Form: Droperidol in the form of an injection solution is available in 10 ml ampoules. In a cardboard box 50 ampoules are packed. The content of pure substance in 25% solution of the drug is 25 mg.
Pharmacological action of
In addition to affecting the nervous system, droperidol prevents the occurrence of vomiting, has a sedative effect on the regulation of somatic and autonomic functions. The drug effect of Droperidol is associated with inhibition of dopamine receptors located in various structures of the brain: reticular pharmacy, oblong and intermediate brain, neuroendocrine cells of the hypothalamus. Hence the variety of effects on the vegetative and somatic functions of the body.
Let's also consider the mechanism of action of Droperidol.
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The opinion of doctors. .. & gt; & gt;
Farmakodinamika
Droperidol does not inhibit the work of receptors sensitive to the mediator acetylcholine. The use of the drug helps to reduce pulmonary pressure due to the wave reduction of the pressor effect in the pulmonary artery. When there is atrial fibrillation with epinephrine etiology, the use of droperidol has an opposite, normalizing heart rhythm, effect. Pathology with a different etiology of droperidol is not eliminated.
Braking activity of the drug on individual receptors is detected within 4 hours, and the effects of the drug on the side of the nervous system are noted 12 hours after the administration of the drug.
Droperidol, with intravenous or intramuscular injection, begins to have a curative effect after 3 minutes. The maximum concentration of droperidol in the histological analysis of neural tissue is observed in half an hour after the administration of the drug.
Pharmacokinetics
The blood plasma is maximally saturated with the drug 15 minutes after its administration. Transport of droperidol in the tissue of the central nervous system occurs by binding to blood proteins. The half-life of the substance is approximately 2.5 hours.
Intermediate and final metabolic products are formed in the epithelial tissue of the liver. Excretion of the substance is carried out with predominantly urine( 3/4 volume).Almost 25% of droperidol is excreted through the digestive tract. Less than 1% of the substance remains in the blood plasma for a long time.
Indications
Droperidol has found application in surgical and therapeutic practice. In the surgery the drug is used:
- in the initial stage of anesthesia;
- as a medicament in the preparation of a patient for surgical intervention;
- as an antipsychotic for local anesthesia;
- in operative and diagnostic procedures as a sedative;
- to reduce muscle tone and immerse patients in sleep to achieve neuroleptanalgesia.
In therapy, droperidol is used in the following cases:
- acute crises during angina pectoris;
- prophylaxis of anaphylactic shock in getting injuries;
- of the acute period of acute myocardial infarction;
- pulmonary insufficiency due to edema;
- hypertensive crisis.
Instructions for use of droperidol in ampoules will be discussed below.
Instruction for use
The dosage of the drug to be administered is calculated based on the weight, age and general condition of the patient. The calculation also includes individual drug tolerance, the nature of the disease, other injectable anesthetics and type of anesthesia.
- Approximately half an hour before the surgery, the patient receives up to 5 mg of the drug intramuscularly, the children of Droperidol are calculated per 1 kg - 100 μg of the injection solution.
- With the use of droperidol as an anesthesia, intravenous administration of 15 mg of the drug is practiced, children are administered 0.3 μg per 1 kg of body weight.
According to the instructions for use, the dosage of droperidol is reduced or the drug is restricted to use for hepatic and renal failure, prolonged depressive conditions, severe epilepsy.
Patients whose general condition is marked as weak, having major problems with body weight, should receive a lower dose of droperidol. With the development of tumor processes in the body, there is an increase in the heart rate and the state of hypertension.
Droperidol has some contraindications, we'll talk about them.
Contraindications
- It is not recommended to use the drug in gynecological practice in cesarean section operations, since braking of the centers of the medulla oblongata in the fetus may occur, one of which may be respiratory depression.
- Extrapyramidal disorders( disturbances in muscle tone activity) are also an obstacle to the administration of the drug.
- Long-term use of an antihypertensive drug and droperidol is not recommended for the risk of a significant reduction in systolic pressure.
- The drug is contraindicated in patients with long-term depression, burdened with phobias.
Side effects of droperidol
In small cases of the use of droperidol in clinical practice, there may be side effects:
- allergic reactions in the form of airway spasms;
- after surgery, patients complain of drowsiness, and in case of an overdose of Droperidol, on the contrary, on excessive anxiety and, at times, depressive condition;
- is often noted nausea, icteric phenomena, loss of appetite;
- is a natural decrease in systolic pressure.
Specific instructions
Drug for injection Droperidol is approved for prescription only in a clinical setting. The inhibitory effect on certain structures of the brain allows one to conclude that an undesirable work is expected to occur within 24 hours after application of the drug, especially to those types of work that require concentration of attention and mobility of the nervous processes.
Exceeding the dose( 25 mg or higher) can cause a death of the patient. It is undesirable to also move the patient after using the drug, change its position. The extinction of inhibition occurs at a much slower rate than when it is excited, so the introduction of the drug requires regular monitoring of the parameters of the state of the physiological systems of the body.
Let's find out what responses there are about taking Droperidol.
Reviews
Patients who experience the effect of the drug complain of symptoms of withdrawal syndrome.90% of patients who commented on this drug, only on the second day after its introduction felt the relaxation of his actions. Categorically refuse to experience similar conditions this part of patients.
In addition, the price of droperidol is not the lowest.
Analogs
The preparation does not have a second and subsequent names. Among the analogues of Droperidol are Diprivan, XeMed, Propol Fresenius, etc. Self-administration of the drug is unacceptable.
Other important features related to the reception of Droperidol are described in the following English video: