Disease chronic periodontitis

1 Symptoms of the disease

In the stage of the disease, chronic periodontitis has several symptoms, and many people progress significantly before they seek medical help. Symptoms and symptoms of periodontal disease can include:

• swelling of the gums;

• bright red or purple gums;

• gums that are sensitive when touched;

• new spaces developing between the teeth;

• bad breath;

• weakened teeth;

• change of tooth coincidence.

There are different types or classes of periodontitis.

1. Chronic periodontitis is the most famous class, affecting mostly adults, although children can also be affected.
2. Aggressive periodontitis, in most cases, occurs in childhood or in early adulthood, and affects only a small number of people.

Inflammation of the gums and destruction of bone tissue at the initial stage do not show pain. Patients sometimes believe that harmless bleeding after brushing your teeth is not terrible, although this may be a symptom of the onset of chronic periodontitis.

Healthy gums are firm and pale pink in color. If the gums are swollen, swarthy-red and bleed easily, or other signs of periodontitis appear, contact your dentist soon. The earlier you seek medical help, the higher your chances of avoiding the possible development of chronic periodontitis.

2 Causes of

Disease There is a slow and moderate rate of progression of the disease, everything depends on predisposing and iatrogenic factors. The disease can be modified and associated with systemic diseases( eg, diabetes, HIV infection), and can also be modified by others, such as smoking and emotional stress.

The main reasons: smoking, lack of oral hygiene.

3 Fibrous periodontitis

There are three forms of chronic periodontitis, these are:

• fibrous;

• granulating;

• granulomatous.

Each form has its own causes and symptoms.

In the fibrous form of the disease, periodontal tissues are replaced, which are affected by the inflammatory process of the coarse-fibrous tissues of the joint. Violated standard periodontal functions. Periodontitis fibrotic mainly takes a fairly long time and without any symptoms. The patient almost does not feel pain, only sometimes there are severe pains that quickly pass.

Diagnosis of this form of the disease requires the presence of an X-ray. To diagnose fibrous periodontitis, the doctor looks at the X-ray image of the study, in which the periodontal lines become uneven, the gap widens against the background of fibrous fiber, and the periodontal thickness increases many-fold.

4 Granulation form of the disease

With this form of chronic periodontitis, granulation develops in the periodontium, which multiply rapidly and lead to tissue damage near the teeth and bone plate of the alveoli. Thus, granulation develops in the appearance of bone defects. Granulating periodontitis destroys the periodontal cracks, and if granulation penetrate the mucous part of the alveoli or into the bone marrow, then they will cause fistula.

The inflammatory process passes through the fistula and therefore the pain is minimal. Severe pain occurs during the period of the disease or during the tapping of the teeth.

Diagnosis of the granulating form of chronic periodontitis is carried out by means of an X-ray machine or an experienced physician can immediately diagnose when examining the patient if there are obvious signs, like the appearance of subcutaneous granules. However, an X-ray image will help to accurately determine whether bone tissue density is destroyed or reduced, because the bone plate during the disease will be with an uneven and corroded edge.

5 Granulomatous type of pathology

With this form of chronic periodontitis, granules are formed with granules filled, called granulomas.

The disease progresses more actively than fibrous periodontitis, but is slower than granulating. The proliferation of the granuloma systematically begins to destroy and push away the bone tissue of the alveoli.

The disease passes faster than fibrous periodontitis. When the granuloma increases, the damage and displacement of the alveolar bone tissue occurs. Such a picture with flaws can be well seen in the photograph of the X-ray apparatus. Imperceptibly, the formation will pass into the cystogranuloma, and then into the cyst, growing from the dental apex to the bone tissue.

Treatment should be performed only surgically. The disease does not manifest itself as any symptoms and flows quite slowly. However, if the disease is not detected in time, the cyst may increase in size and lead to various complications. It is possible to diagnose the disease only by radiographic research.

6 Treatment methods

Treatment of chronic periodontitis includes measures to disinfect the cause of the infection, and prevent its entry into the canal, periodontium and dental cavity. Treatment takes place in two stages.

The first stage is the mechanical cleaning of the tooth cavity and channels from caries. Then they are treated with antiseptics and sealed. In order to completely get rid of microbes, it is necessary to use special antimicrobial toothpastes, diathermocoagulation, to perform ultrasonic and laser treatment procedures.

The second stage of treatment involves the preservation of teeth after chemical and physical disinfection. To do this, surgical intervention is considered an option.

Also, periodontitis can be cured with antibiotics, but it is known that antibiotics lead to suppression of local immunity, a violation of the balance of microorganisms that lead to the adaptation of bacteria with subsequent insensitivity. In addition, dysbacteriosis will begin, which will lead to the reproduction of opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity.

7 Preventative measures

Exacerbation of chronic periodontitis is the most painful and unpleasant process, therefore it is advisable to carry out preventive procedures so that it does not become chronic.

Previously, periodontitis could not be cured, and dentists did away with tooth extraction, but now medicine has succeeded in this direction and successfully treats various forms of periodontitis. But this does not mean that a person should forget about prevention, as it helps to avoid complications and loss of teeth during exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. So, for the prevention of disease, you must follow the following rules.

1. Teeth should be cleaned twice a day and must become a habit for life. Change the toothbrush once every 2-3 months, choose the right toothpaste. The brush should be soft, so as not to injure the gums, otherwise inflammation, infections and microorganisms can not be avoided.
2. It is necessary to remove plaque and stone in time. This procedure should be carried out by specialists.
3. If there is no tooth, the dentition should be immediately supplemented, since the bite will be hopelessly damaged due to the displacement of adjacent teeth. In addition, teeth will become the most vulnerable to various diseases.

Chronic periodontitis is not manifested by any signs and symptoms. Very often it is discovered quite accidentally, for example, during the treatment of other teeth, so it is very important to visit the dentist 2 or at least once a year to avoid periodontitis.

Chronic periodontitis should be treated in a comprehensive and consistent manner, and always under the supervision of a physician.

It is important to timely detect and correctly cure the disease in order to keep your teeth and avoid possible complications and exacerbations of chronic periodontitis.